UNIT 6: ENERGY AROUND US

INDEX

1. ENERGY

1.1 Form of energy


1.2 Energy transforms

1.3 Electricity

1.1 FORMS OF ENERGY

Energy is the ability an object or body has to create changes around it. For example: the Sun's energy can change the temperature of an object when left outside.

There are different types of energy:

 Mechanical or Kinetic energy. Moving objects have this type of energy, like a moving car.

 Light energy. Objects that emit light have this energy, like the Sun or light bulbs.

 Sound energy. Objects that emit sounds have this energy, like musical instruments.

 Electric energy. Electrical appliances like a television or a computer use this type of energy.

 Thermal or heat energy. Objects with this energy release heat, like fire.

 Chemical energy. Food, batteries and fuel generate this type of energy.

 Nuclear energy. Some chemical elements like uranium or plutonium generate this energy.



1.2 ENERGY TRANSFORMS

A form of energy can transform into a different form of energy. For example, when you turn on a toaster, electric energy transforms into heat.

Some of these changes are simpler than others. For example, when you clap your hands, you are changing kinetic energy into sound energy.



1.3 ELECTRICITY

Electricity comes from other forms of energy that exist in nature, like the Kinetic energy of moving water or wind, or the chemical energy of coal.

Electricity is very useful form of energy:

•We can transport it easily through cables.

•It transforms into other types of energy, like the light energy of a light bulb or the thermal energy of a cooker.



ACTIVITIES
1. What is energy?


2. What is electricity?


3. Write two examples: how a form of energy can transform into a different form of energy.


4. Copy and complete the sentences:

 Light energy. Objects that _________ ___________ have this energy, like the Sun or ________ _________.

 ________ __________. Objects that emit sounds have this energy, like musical instruments.

 Electric energy. Electrical __________ like a television or a _______ use this type of energy.

 Thermal or _______ energy. Objects with this energy release heat, like fire.

 _________ energy. Food, _______ and fuel generate this type of energy.

 ________ energy. Some chemical elements like ________ or plutonium generate this energy.