UNIT 2: SENSITIVITY AND COORDINATION

1.      STIMULI AND RESPONSES

-STIMULI AND RESPONSES

The function of sensitivity is the ability to receive stimuli from the world around us and produce responses to them.

ü  A stimulus is anything that affects any of the body ś activities. A sound, an object that you see or touch, a smell or a taste are examples of stimuli. There are two types of stimuli: 

                 A)   Internal. They come  from inside our bodies, like the feelings of hunger  or thirst.

                  B) External. These come from outside the body, like the smell of a     cake or the texture of a cloth.

ü  A response is the body´s answer to a stimulus. We eat when we are hungry, we protect ourselves from the rain and heat, and we laugh when we hear something very funny. These are all responses to different stimuli. 

 

-STIMULI RECEPTORS

   The body has different receptors to receive different types of stimuli. There are two types of receptors:

·         Internal receptors. They receive the internal stimuli our bodies produce. They are all over the body. They perceive hunger, thirst, sleep or the pain of sore muscles.

·         External receptors. They receive external stimuli. They are in the sensory organs. Our eyes let us see a landscape. Our noses let us smell a flower. Our tongues let us taste what we eat. Our ears let us hear many sounds. The skin on our bodies lets us perceive cold, heat or the surface of an object.  

 

-     RESPONSES

 

     The body responds to any stimuli. There are two basic types of responses.

·         Muscular responses. These are movements the muscles make in response to a stimulus, like removing your hand when you touch something hot.

·         Glandular responses. These are when glands produce various substances in response to a stimulus, like when your sweat glands produce sweat in response to heat.

 

ACTIVITIES

 1.- What is an stimulus? Explain it.

 2.- Write an example of an internal stimulus and another one of external stimulus.

 

3.- What´s a response? Name the different types of responses and write examples.

4.- Fill the gap

 Stimuli receptors can be_______________ or _____________.

Internal receptors are _____     ______ the body.

External receptors are in the  _________    ____________.

SWINE FLU SONG!

Let’s watch a video and learn a new song:

 

You don´t have to understand the whole song; just try to understand
as many words as posible.

                    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbt_PuVAVTU

UNIT 1: OUR HEALTH

UNIT 1: OUR HEALTH.

1.      LIVING THINGS

 1.1.-  Health and illness.

 Our bodies ussually work perfectly. We feel well and we are happy. This means we are healthy or we are in good health.

 

But sometimes our bodies do not work as well. For example, we cough, we sneeze , we feel dizzy or we have a temperature.

This means we are ill or we have an illness.

-          Health is a state of complete physival, mental and social well-being.

-          Illness is the oppossite of health. An illness or dissease changes the functions of our bodies. (Symptons like coughing or pain, tell us that our bodies are ill).

1.2.- Healthy habits

To stay healthy , we must keep healthy habits, like:

-          A balanced diet . It must give us everything we need in the correct quantities.In this way we can avoid obesity and illnesses caused by the lack of certain nutrients.

-          Keeping a meal routine: Eat five meals a day and never skip breakfast.

-          Good hygiene: Wash our hands before eating and touching food. Brush our teeth and take a shower every day.

-          Enough rest:Sleep at least nine hours a day and even more if we do exercise or play .

-          Physical exercise:Physical activity helps prevent obesity. It also makes our locomotor system more flexible and it helps us to avoid injuries.

-          Breathing clean air: Do not stay too long indoors with smoke and many people

1.3.- Types of illness

We can classify illnesses (or diseases)  into two groups:

a)      Infectious illnesses: Virus, microbes and harmful bacteria cause them. These microbes enter our bodies in different ways: through wounds, through the air and through the mouth. Infectious illnesses     can be:

-          Contagious :an ill person can transmit to a healthy one. For example: the flu. It  is caused by a virus.

-          Non contagious: an ill person cannot transmit to another person. For example: tetanus and salmonelosis. They are caused by bacteria.

b)      Non –infectious illnesses: they have other causes. For example: broken bones, injuries, an imbalanced diet (obesity), poisoning.

 Difficult words:

-          Dizzy         - Coughs          - Sneezes         - meals                       - skip   - indoors

-          wounds

                     ACTIVITIES:

1.- Classify the following illnesses:

a) cold       b) broken bone           c) obesity        d) flu   e) tetanus   f)salmonellosis 

 

2.- Are you healthy? Explain it.

 

2.- PREVENTING AND TREATING INFECTIOUS DISEASES.

Preventing illnesses means taking precautions to reduce the chance of sufferinf from an illness.

Microorganisms enter our bodies in different ways: through wounds, through the respiratory systems and through digestive system.

Preventing infections.

We can prevent them if we have good habits of hygiene.

-          Desinfect wounds to prevent microorganisms entering your blood.

-          Wash your hand before eating or handing food and wash any food you eat raw.

-          Avoiding sharing drinking and eating utensils.

-          Avoiding walking barefoot in swimmingpools and changing rooms.

 

Vaccines

A vaccines is when a doctor introduces a phatogenic microorganism in your  organism that causes a disease into a healthy body. This microorganism can be dead or inactive.

The body reacts to this foreign organism by producing substances that avoid infections if the virus returns to the body again.

Some vaccines need injections and others you can drink.

Treatment of infections:

There are different treatments depending on the pathogens:

-          Infections caused by bacteria: they are treated with antibiotic.

-          Infections caused by fungi: they are treated with antifungal medicines that remove them.

-          Infections caused by viruses. We can only treat them with medications that help to reduce symptons. We can prevent them with vaccines.

Activities

1.- Name the three ways pathogenics microoganism can enter the body.

2.- What is a vaccine and haw does it work?

3.- How do we treat a disease caused by a bacteria? And by a virus? 

 

DIfficult words:

-          Handing    - raw   -barefoot

 

 

¡Bienvenidos@s!

BIENVENIDOS

Os saludo como tutora de 6º C. Como todos me conocéis desearos lo mejor en este último curso que pasaréis en el colegio. Espero que vengáis con ganas de trabajar, de pasarlo bien , de aprender.  Todos los profesores tenemos mucha ilusión para que todos os encontréis  a gusto y estéis satisfecho de lo que hagamos .