UNIT 1: LIVING THINGS

3. CLASSIFYING LIVING THINGS

Living things are classified into five large groups called kingdoms. All the living things in the same kingdom have similar characteristic.

3.1 THE FUNGI KINGDOM

Fungi cannot move around or make their own food. They eat the remains of   other living things. There are two types of fungy:

                                                                                                         

• Unicellullar fungi. Yeasts are in this group because they have one cell.

• Multicellullar fungi. Moulds and mushrooms are in this group. They have lots of cells that group together in filaments called hyphae.

3.2 THE PLANT KINGDOM

Plants are multicellular organisms that cannot move around. They make their own food from the nutrients they get from the soil, air, water and sunlight. There are two types of plants:

                                         

•  Plants with flowers. They use seeds to reproduce.

•  Plants without flowers. They do not use seeds to reproduce.

3.3 THE ANIMAL KINGDOM

Animals are multicellular organisms. Most can move around. They eat other living things because they cannot make their own food. There are two main groups:

• Vertebrates. They have a spine. People are vertebrate animals.

• Invertebrates. They don´t have a spine.

3.4 TWO SIMPLE KINGDOMS

The simplest living things belong to two kingdoms. Most are very small and almost all of them are unicellular, bacteria.

• Bacteria. The cells of the living things in this kingdom do not have a membrane separating their nuclei from their cytoplasms.

• Other simple organisms. Living things in this kingdom, like amoeba and algae, have simple structures.

Activities

1.- Fill in the gaps using these words: Fungi Kingdom, Plant Kingdom, Animal Kingdom, Two simple Kingdom.

- They are multicellular organisms that cannot make their own food.____________________

- They cannot move around or make their own food.________________________________

- Most living things are very small and areunicellular. ______________________________

- They make their own food from the nutrients they get from the soil, air, water and sunlight.

_____________________________________

2.- Match the groups to their kingdoms.

Two simple kingdoms *                      * vertebrates and invertebrates

Plant kingdom *                   * bacteria, amoebas and algae

Animal kingdom *                   * unicellular and multicellular

Fungi kingdom *                     * plants with and without flowers

3.- Classify into the different kingdoms these living things.

Living things Kingdoms

• Yeast _______________________________

• An orange tree _______________________________

- Algae _______________________________

• A parrot _______________________________

• Fern _______________________________

• Mushrooms _______________________________

• Bacteria _______________________________

• A spider _______________________________