sábado, 21 de noviembre de 2015
jueves, 11 de junio de 2015
Unit 15
INDEX
3.1. What is the EU?
- Flag – Motto – Anthem – Currency -
Special Day
3.2. Institutions
- The European Commission
- The European Parliament
- The Council of the European Union
- The Court of Justice
3. – THE EUROPEAN UNION (E.U.)
3.1. – WHAT IS THE E.U.?
There are 28 European countries in the EU. Each
country is independent, but they work together to improve the lives of their
citizens.
In 1957 France, Italy, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg
and the Netherlands signed the Treaty of Rome, which created the European
Economic Community (EEC).
In 1992, the 12 countries of the EEC signed the Treaty
of Maastricht. The EEC became the European Union (EU).The EU has its own
symbols:
It has a flag with 12 stars in a circle
to show unity.
It has a
motto that says “United in diversity”. This means the countries of the
EU are all different but they can work together.
It has an
anthem called “Ode to Joy”. It is by Beethoven.
It has its own currency
(money) called the Euro. Most countries in the EU use it.
It has a
special day on 9th May called “Europe Day”. On 9th
May 1950, a French foreign minister suggested forming a union of European
countries. Now 9th May is Europe Day. It celebrates peace and unity.
3.2. – INSTITUTIONS
The countries of the EU decide things together through
several institutions, where groups of people discuss important things.
The most important institutions of the European Union
are:
European Parliament.
It is made up of 785
members. They are elected every five years by the citizens of the Member
States. Parliament makes laws, approves budgets and supervises the other
institutions. The MEPs (members of the Parliament) meet in Strasbourg or
Brussels.
The European Commission. It is made up
of the President of the Commission and the commissioners. It makes sure Member
States keep their agreements. The commissioners usually meet in Brussels.
European Council. It is made up
of the government ministers from all the Member States. It is in charge of
foreign policy and common security. The ministers meet in Luxemburg or Brussel.
The Court of Justice.
There are 27 judges-
one from each country of the EU. They meet in Luxemburg and it makes sure that
people respect EU.
VOCABULARY
EACH
|
CADA
|
TO IMPROVE
|
MEJORAR
|
TO WORK
TOGETHER
|
TRABAJAR
JUNTOS
|
THE
NETHERLANDS
|
PAÍSES
BAJOS/HOLANDA
|
TREATY
|
TRATADO
|
TO BECAME/BECOME
|
SE
CONVIRTIÓ
|
TO SIGN
|
FIRMAR
|
FLAG
|
BANDERA
|
MOTTO
|
LEMA
|
THROUGH SEVERAL
|
A
TRAVÉS DE VARIAS
|
MEMBER STATES
|
ESTADOS
MIEMBROS
|
LAWS
|
LEYES
|
BUDGETS
|
IMPUESTOS
|
TO MEET
|
ENCONTRARSE
|
TO APPROVE
|
APROBAR
|
TO KEEP AGEEMENTS
|
MANTENER
LOS ACUERDOS
|
EUROPEAN COUNCIL
|
EL
CONSEJO DE LA EU
|
IS IN CHARGE OF
|
ESTAR
A CARGO DE
|
FOREIGN POLICY
|
POLÍTICA
EXTERIOR
|
THE COURT OF JUSTICE
|
TRIBUNALES
DE JUSTICIA
|
JUDGES
|
JUECES
|
ACTIVITIES
1.-
Write five symbols of the EU and explain them.
1.-_______________________________________________________
2.-
________________________________________________________
3.-
________________________________________________________
4.-
________________________________________________________
5.-
________________________________________________________
2.- Nowadays, how many countries are
there in the European Union?
_______________________________________________________
.
3.-
What Treaty was signed in 1957 ? And what was created in that year?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
.
4. - What Treaty was signed in
1992? And what was created in that year?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ .
5 . - Fill in the gaps about European Institutions.
- They discuss and approve new laws. ___________________________.
- In the European Parliament there are elections every _______________
- In the European Parliament there are elections every _______________
-The Court of Justice is in ____________________ .
- It is charge of foreign policy and common security.
_______________________ .
martes, 26 de mayo de 2015
Unit 14
INDEX
3. Economic activities
3.1 Work and the active population
3.2 Economic
sectors:
The
primary sector
The
secondary sector
The
tertiary or services sector
3.3 Economic sectors in Spain.
3. - ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
3.1. - WORK AND THE ACTIVE POPULATION
To work means to perform an activity that requires
intellectual or physical effort. Workers
usually receive a salary for their work. But there are non-salary jobs like
housewives/husbands or volunteers.
In relation to work, we can classify a population into
two groups:
-
Active population. It is the group of
people between the ages of 16 and 64 who are physically able and old enough to
work. The active population includes the employed, people with a job, and the
unemployed, people don´t have a job.
-
Inactive population. It is the group
of people who are older or who cannot work. They are under 16, over 64 or too
ill to work.
3.2. - ECONOMIC SECTORS
There are three sectors in our economy. All jobs
belong to one of three sectors.
The primary sector includes people that obtain raw materials
from nature for other industries.
o
The main
activities are: animal farming, crop farming, fishing and mining.
The secondary sector includes people that transform raw
materials into elaborated products.
o The main activities are: industry and construction.
The tertiary or services sector includes people that provide
services to others.
o
The main
activities are: shops, transport, tourism, banking, administration, education,
entertainment and health.
3.3. - ECONOMIC SECTORS IN SPAIN.
From Prehistory until the late 19th century, most people
were employed in the primary sector. The secondary
sector and the tertiary sector grew throughout the 20th century as
the primary sector decreased.
Nowadays, the tertiary or services sector employs most
of the active population in Spain.
The distribution of economic sectors in our country
is:
The
primary sector. Only 5% (per
cent or out of every hundred people) of people work in this sector. Mainly in
some communities like Extremadura, Andalucía , Castilla- La Mancha, Castilla-León, Galicia and Murcia.
The secondary sector. About 30% work in
this sector. In
Madrid, País Vasco, Cataluña, Navarra, Aragón y Valencia.
The tertiary sector. About 65% work in
the services sector. In
Canarias, Islas Baleares, Ceuta, Melilla, Madrid and Andalucía.
VOCABULARY
TO PERFORM
|
REALIZAR
|
ELABORATED PRODUCTS
|
PRODUCTOS
ELABORADOS
|
TO REQUIRE
|
REQUERIR
|
TERTIARY
SERVICES
|
TERCER SECTOR
|
EFFORT
|
ESFUERZO
|
SECTOR SERVICES
|
SECTOR
SERVICIOS
|
NON SALARY
JOBS
|
TRABAJOS
NO REMUNERADOS
|
TO PROVIDE
|
PROPORCIONAR
|
HOUSEWIVES
|
AMAS
DE CASA
|
BANKING
|
BANCA
|
BETWEEN
|
ENTRE
|
ENTERTAINMENT
|
OCIO
|
ABLE
|
CAPAZ
|
WERE EMPLOYED
|
SE
EMPLEABAN
|
ENOUGH
|
SUFICIENTE
|
GREW THROUGHOUT
|
CRECIÓ
A LO LARGO
|
THE EMPLOYED
|
LOS
EMPLEADOS
|
TO DECREASE
|
DISMINUIR
|
THE UNEMPLOYED
|
LOS
DESEMPLEADOS
|
NOWADAYS
|
EN LA
ACTUALIDAD
|
JOB
|
TRABAJO
|
MINING
|
MINERÍA
|
OLDER
|
MAYOR
|
|
|
UNDER
|
POR
DEBAO
|
|
|
TOO ILL
|
DEMASIADO
ENFERMO
|
|
|
TO BELONG TO
|
PERTENECER
A
|
|
|
TO INCLUDE
|
INCLUIR
|
|
|
TO OBTAIN
|
OBTENER
|
|
|
RAW MATERIAL
|
MATERIA
PRIMA
|
|
|
MAIN
|
PRINCIPALES
|
|
|
ANIMAL FARMING
|
GANADERÍA
|
|
|
CROP FARMING
|
AGRICULTURA
|
|
|
FISHING
|
PESCA
|
|
|
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